UAE Corporate Tax applies at 9% on taxable income above AED 375,000 under Federal Decree-Law No. 47 of 2022. It is a federal regime — the same rates, deadlines, and rules apply in Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, and every other Emirate. What differs is your position within it: whether you are exempt, whether a free zone rate is genuinely available, which reliefs you can elect, and how your industry's accounting drives taxable income. KGRN Chartered Accountants handles the full cycle from six UAE offices — registration, accounts, computation, filing, and representation if the Federal Tax Authority has questions.
A practical review of your registration status, available reliefs, and filing deadline — with a clear scope and fee before any work begins.
The figures every UAE business needs to know
Corporate Tax applies to the business profits of taxable persons in the UAE. Taxable income starts from accounting income prepared under IFRS, then adjusts for items the law treats differently. Before computing anything, establish which category you fall into — it changes everything downstream.
Companies incorporated in the UAE — mainland LLCs, free zone entities, and offshore or international business companies — are taxed on worldwide income.
Foreign companies with a permanent establishment in the UAE, a nexus through UAE immovable property, or UAE-sourced income within scope.
Individuals conducting a licensed business or professional activity in the UAE where turnover from those activities exceeds AED 1 million in a calendar year.
| Category | Position | What to Watch |
|---|---|---|
| Employment income | Outside scope | Salary, wages and benefits from employment are not taxed |
| Personal investment income | Outside scope | Income from personal investments held in an individual capacity, not through a business |
| Personal real estate investment | Outside scope | Property held in an individual's own name without requiring a business licence |
| Government entities | Exempt | Business activity conducted under a licence outside the mandated activity is taxable |
| Government-controlled entities | Exempt where listed | Specified in a Cabinet Decision; subsidiaries assessed individually |
| Extractive businesses | Exempt on qualifying activity | Requires an Emirate-granted interest, Emirate-level taxation, and notification |
| Non-extractive natural resource businesses | Exempt on qualifying activity | Generally lost on revenue from non-business customers above a de minimis threshold |
| Qualifying public benefit entities | Exempt where listed | Must be listed in a Cabinet Decision and meet ongoing conditions |
| Qualifying investment funds | Exempt on application | Conditions on regulatory oversight, ownership diversity and activity |
| Pension and social security funds | Exempt on application | Subject to FTA approval and conditions |
Exempt persons may still have registration or notification obligations. Confirm your position with the Federal Tax Authority before relying on an exemption.
Every taxable person must register with the Federal Tax Authority through EmaraTax and obtain a Corporate Tax registration number. This includes mainland LLCs, free zone companies expecting to pay 0%, offshore and international business companies, branches, holding companies with no trading activity, and dormant entities. Late registration carries a fixed AED 10,000 administrative penalty whether or not any tax is ultimately due.
Three tables cover most of what a UAE business needs: what rate applies, what reliefs and elections are available, and when everything is due.
| Position | Rate | Who It Applies To |
|---|---|---|
| Standard nil band | 0% | Taxable income up to AED 375,000 for any taxable person |
| Standard rate | 9% | Taxable income above AED 375,000 |
| Qualifying free zone income | 0% | Qualifying Free Zone Persons meeting all conditions, on qualifying income only |
| Non-qualifying free zone income | 9% | Free zone income that is not qualifying, with no nil band available |
| Domestic minimum top-up tax | 15% effective | In-scope entities of multinational groups meeting the OECD Pillar Two revenue threshold |
| Natural person threshold | Not taxable below | Individuals with business turnover at or below AED 1 million in a calendar year |
| Relief or Election | What It Does | Key Condition |
|---|---|---|
| Small Business Relief | Treats the business as having no taxable income | Revenue at or below AED 3 million in this and all previous periods; elected in the return; periods ending on or before 31 December 2026 |
| Qualifying Free Zone Person | 0% on qualifying income | Substance, qualifying income, transfer pricing compliance, audited accounts, de minimis limit |
| Tax group | Single return; losses offset across entities | Resident parent with the required ownership; excludes Qualifying Free Zone Persons; joint liability |
| Tax loss carry-forward | Offset against up to 75% of future taxable income | Continuity of ownership conditions; unavailable for losses arising in a Small Business Relief period |
| Participation exemption | Exempts dividends and gains from qualifying shareholdings | Ownership percentage, holding period and subject-to-tax tests |
| Foreign permanent establishment exemption | Exempts foreign branch profits | Election applies to all foreign PEs; subject-to-tax conditions |
| Realisation basis election | Defers tax on unrealised gains until disposal | Accrual-basis accounts; election generally made in the first return and largely irrevocable |
| Qualifying group transfer relief | Defers gains on asset transfers within a group | 75% common ownership and clawback conditions |
| Business restructuring relief | Defers gains on qualifying mergers and reorganisations | Commercial rationale and clawback conditions |
| Financial Year End | Return Filing & Payment Deadline | Practical Start Date for Preparation |
|---|---|---|
| 31 December | 30 September of the following year | January, once the year is closed |
| 31 March | 31 December of the same year | April |
| 30 June | 31 March of the following year | July |
| 30 September | 30 June of the following year | October |
Returns must be filed and any tax paid within nine months of the end of the tax period. There is no separate payment date, so cash flow should be planned alongside the return. Verify current rates, thresholds and deadlines with the Federal Tax Authority, as the regime continues to develop.
We model every available route before your first return is filed.
Everything from a single registration to a full annual compliance programme for a multi-entity, multi-Emirate group — delivered by chartered accountants, with fixed scope and fees agreed before work begins.
EmaraTax registration for every entity type — mainland, free zone, offshore, branches and holding structures — including late registrations and penalty mitigation.
Preparation and submission with a full reconciliation from accounting profit to taxable income and a supporting file behind every figure.
Written advice on structuring, elections, cross-border arrangements, permanent establishment risk, and the tax consequences of commercial decisions.
Stream-by-stream testing of Qualifying Free Zone Person status, de minimis monitoring, and a written position paper you can defend.
Arm's length analysis, local file and master file preparation, and benchmarking for related-party transactions and owner remuneration.
Written analysis of natural resource, government-controlled entity, public benefit and investment fund positions, with notification support.
Eligibility assessment, modelling, and formation so losses in one entity can offset profits in another across the group.
Legitimate planning across group structure, loss utilisation, relief elections, capital expenditure timing, and remuneration policy.
Bookkeeping and IFRS financial statement preparation — the foundation every Corporate Tax computation depends on.
Audited financial statements meeting free zone licence renewal requirements and the audit condition for the 0% free zone rate.
Representation and response management for FTA queries, clarification requests, assessments, voluntary disclosures and reconsiderations.
A fixed-scope arrangement covering bookkeeping, provisional computations, the return, deadline monitoring, and year-round advisory access.
Tell us your entity type and year-end, and we will scope it in one call.
Six clear stages from first call to filed return, with a fixed scope and fee agreed up front.
Entity structure, year-end, revenue level, and current filing status — at no cost.
Exemption, free zone 0%, Small Business Relief or standard rates — established first.
EmaraTax registration and any bookkeeping catch-up needed to reach a filable position.
Accounting profit reconciled to taxable income, with reliefs and elections documented.
Partner review, your sign-off, then submission within the FTA deadline with support retained.
Deadline monitoring, regulatory updates, and access when commercial decisions have tax consequences.
The law is the same for everyone; the difficulty is not. Revenue recognition, inventory valuation, receivables provisioning, and asset classification differ sharply by sector, and that is where taxable income is actually decided. Each guide covers the accounting judgments that drive the tax computation in that industry.
Percentage of completion, retention payments, variation orders, and advance billing across long-term contracts.
Off-plan revenue recognition, fair value gains, the realisation basis election, and escrow treatment.
Inventory valuation, overhead absorption, idle capacity, tooling depreciation, and group supply chains.
Insurance receivables, claim rejections, doctor profit-share arrangements, and medical equipment capex.
Retail and wholesale, hospitality and restaurants, logistics and shipping, oil and gas services, professional services, IT and software, e-commerce, education, financial services, automotive, trading companies, family businesses, and holding groups across the UAE.
A free zone licence gives you an address and an activity, not a tax rate. The 0% rate belongs only to a Qualifying Free Zone Person — a status that must be earned every tax period through qualifying income, adequate substance, transfer pricing compliance, audited financial statements, and non-qualifying revenue within the de minimis limit. Failing any one condition costs the rate entirely, for that period and those that follow.
Qualifying commodity trading in raw form on a recognised exchange, de minimis monitoring, substance, and audited accounts for JLT businesses.
Designated Zone distribution, goods flow evidence, manufacturing activity, and logistics qualifying income at Jebel Ali.
Why most IFZA consultancies and small traders should compare Small Business Relief against pursuing the free zone 0% rate.
RAKEZ and RAK ICC, SAIF Zone and Hamriyah, ADGM and KEZAD, DAFZA, Dubai South, DIFC, Dubai Silicon Oasis, Masdar City, twofour54, Sharjah Media City, Ajman Free Zone, Fujairah Free Zone, and UAQ Free Trade Zone. The qualifying activity list and the conditions are federal, so the analysis is the same everywhere — what changes is the mix of activities in each zone and how easily substance can be evidenced.
Corporate Tax is federal, so rates and deadlines are identical in every Emirate. What differs is the local business mix — and therefore the questions that matter most. Each Emirate guide addresses what actually comes up there.
Corporate Tax is new enough that much of the advice in the market comes from people who are not accountable for it. We are chartered accountants: we prepare the accounts, compute the tax, file the return, and stand behind all three.
| Capability | KGRN Chartered Accountants | Typical Alternative |
|---|---|---|
| Who advises you | Chartered accountants accountable for the position taken | Formation agents or administrative staff |
| Scope of service | Accounts, computation, filing and audit under one roof | Filing only, with accounts assumed correct |
| Relief and election analysis | Every available route modelled before the first return | Default position filed without comparison |
| Free zone status testing | Qualifying income tested stream by stream, de minimis monitored | 0% assumed from the licence |
| Exemption analysis | Natural resource and government-entity positions assessed in writing | Assumed or ignored |
| Transfer pricing | Local file and master file support in house | Referred out or omitted |
| Industry depth | Sector-specific accounting knowledge behind the computation | One template for every client |
| Geographic coverage | Six UAE offices; multi-Emirate groups on one engagement team | Single location, remote elsewhere |
| FTA representation | Queries, assessments and voluntary disclosures handled directly | Client left to respond alone |
| Pricing | Fixed scope and fee agreed before work begins | Hourly, or bundled and unclear |
Book a free consultation with a chartered accountant.
Use this checklist to gauge your readiness. If you cannot confirm the first four items today, your next filing is at risk.
Whether any exemption applies, or whether you are a taxable person, assessed and documented.
Every entity registered on EmaraTax with a registration number issued, including dormant companies.
Financial year identified and the filing and payment date diarised with lead time.
Books maintained and IFRS financial statements prepared for the period.
Small Business Relief, free zone status, tax grouping and other elections compared and reasoning recorded.
Accounting profit reconciled to taxable income with every adjustment supported.
Interest limitation, entertainment restrictions, and personal expenditure identified and adjusted.
Identified, priced at arm's length, and documented at the applicable thresholds.
For free zone entities, qualifying income tested and de minimis monitored through the year.
Supporting documents kept for the statutory period, generally seven years, and retrievable.
Request a Corporate Tax Health Check and receive the full review with findings.
Direct answers to the questions UAE business owners, finance managers, and CFOs ask most.
0% on taxable income up to AED 375,000 and 9% above that threshold. Qualifying Free Zone Persons pay 0% on qualifying income and 9% on the rest. In-scope entities of large multinational groups may face a 15% effective rate under the domestic minimum top-up tax. Corporate Tax is federal, so the rates are identical across all seven Emirates.
Every taxable person — mainland companies, free zone companies, offshore and international business companies, branches, holding companies, and dormant entities — regardless of profit or expected tax. Natural persons conducting business activities with turnover above AED 1 million in a calendar year must also register. Late registration carries a fixed AED 10,000 penalty.
Within nine months of the end of your tax period. A December year-end means filing and payment by 30 September of the following year. There is no separate payment date, so the tax must be funded by the filing deadline.
Start from accounting income in IFRS financial statements, then apply the adjustments the law requires — exempt income such as qualifying dividends, non-deductible expenses, the interest deduction limitation, transfer pricing adjustments, and available reliefs. This is why the quality of your accounts drives the accuracy of your tax.
A resident business with revenue at or below AED 3 million in the relevant period and all previous periods may elect to be treated as having no taxable income. It must be actively elected in the return and applies to tax periods ending on or before 31 December 2026 under current rules. A Qualifying Free Zone Person cannot claim it, and losses arising in a relief period cannot be carried forward.
No. Free zone companies are within the regime and must register and file. A Qualifying Free Zone Person pays 0% on qualifying income, but that status requires adequate substance, qualifying income, transfer pricing compliance, audited financial statements, and non-qualifying revenue within the de minimis limit — the lower of 5% of revenue or AED 5 million. Failing any condition means 9% on all income for that period and a number of following periods.
Broadly, income from transactions with other Free Zone Persons where they are the beneficial recipient, and income from listed qualifying activities regardless of counterparty. Qualifying activities include manufacturing and processing of goods, distribution from a designated zone, trading in qualifying commodities, holding of shares and securities, treasury and financing services to related parties, headquarter services to related parties, fund and wealth management, and certain logistics, shipping and aircraft activities. Income attributable to a permanent establishment and income from immovable property are generally excluded.
Expenses incurred wholly and exclusively for the business and not capital in nature. Key restrictions apply: net interest expense is generally capped at 30% of tax EBITDA above a de minimis amount, entertainment expenses are only partially deductible, and personal or owner-related costs are not deductible unless they reflect genuine market-value remuneration for services provided.
The UAE does not operate a separate capital allowance regime — accounting depreciation computed under IFRS is generally deductible. That makes useful life estimates, residual values, and your capitalisation policy directly tax-relevant, particularly for capital-intensive manufacturers and asset-heavy businesses.
Yes. Tax losses can generally be carried forward and offset against up to 75% of taxable income in future periods, subject to continuity of ownership conditions. Losses arising in a Small Business Relief period cannot be carried forward, which is a factor when choosing between relief and standard rates.
UAE resident entities meeting ownership and other conditions can form a tax group and file a single return, allowing losses in one entity to offset profits in another. It reduces filings but creates joint liability and excludes Qualifying Free Zone Persons. Entities owned directly by individuals rather than through a holding company generally cannot group. Model it rather than assuming it is beneficial.
The arm's length principle applies to all related-party and connected-person transactions, including owner remuneration, regardless of size — this catches family businesses and single-owner groups as well as multinationals. Formal documentation, local file and master file, is required above defined revenue and group thresholds. For free zone companies, transfer pricing compliance is also a condition of the 0% rate.
Dividends received from UAE resident companies are generally exempt. Dividends and capital gains from qualifying foreign shareholdings may be exempt under the participation exemption where conditions on ownership percentage, holding period, and subject-to-tax tests are met. Each holding should be assessed against those conditions.
No. Employment income, personal investment income, and income from personal real estate investment held in your own name are outside the scope of Corporate Tax. A natural person conducting a licensed business or professional activity is within scope where turnover from those activities exceeds AED 1 million in a calendar year.
A 0% withholding tax rate currently applies to certain UAE-sourced income paid to non-residents, so no withholding tax is payable and no filing is required in respect of it under current rules. The mechanism exists in the law, so monitor announcements from the Ministry of Finance in case the rate changes.
They are separate regimes with separate registrations, returns, and deadlines. VAT applies to supplies at 5%; Corporate Tax applies to profits. Both draw on the same underlying accounting records, so inconsistencies between VAT returns and the Corporate Tax computation are a common trigger for FTA questions.
An audit is required to claim Qualifying Free Zone Person status, and separately by most free zone authorities for licence renewal. Larger businesses are also subject to audited financial statement requirements under the Corporate Tax framework. Smaller mainland companies may not require an audit but must still maintain proper accounting records.
Late registration carries a fixed AED 10,000 penalty. Late filing penalties accrue monthly and escalate, with further penalties for late payment, failing to keep records, and submitting an incorrect return. Voluntary disclosure of an error generally carries lower consequences than waiting for the FTA to find it. Verify current penalty schedules with the FTA.
Register and bring filings current immediately — exposure grows with time, not with disclosure. The FTA has previously operated waiver arrangements for certain late registrants who file within a shortened window, so the order in which you act can matter. Take advice quickly rather than waiting for a perfect set of records.
Financial statements, accounting records, invoices, contracts, bank statements, payroll records, related-party agreements, and all documents supporting the return. Retention is for the statutory period prescribed by the FTA, generally seven years from the end of the relevant tax period, and records must remain retrievable for audit.
It depends on entity count, transaction volume, whether bookkeeping is current, and whether free zone analysis or transfer pricing documentation is required. KGRN scopes the work in the initial consultation and quotes a fixed fee before starting. A single small mainland company with clean books is a very different engagement from a multi-entity free zone group.
Book a free consultation or call +971 4557 0204. Bring your trade licence, financial year end, last set of accounts if available, and your EmaraTax registration status. We will confirm your scope and registration position, outline what your filing requires, and quote a fixed fee before any work begins.
Corporate Tax rarely goes wrong at the tax return. It goes wrong months earlier — in the accounting policy nobody documented, the election nobody knew about, the free zone status nobody tested, and the related-party price nobody could explain. By the time the return is due, most of the outcome is already fixed.
Six UAE offices, with international offices in India, Australia and the United Kingdom. Consultations are available in person, by phone, or online.
Dubai — Business Bay
Abu Dhabi — Al Nahyan Camp
Abu Dhabi — ADGM, Al Maryah Island
Sharjah — Hamriyah Free Zone
Ras Al Khaimah — Al Nakheel
+971 4557 0204
WhatsApp +971 54 586 4906
support@kgrnaudit.com
Monday to Saturday
9:00 to 18:00 Gulf Standard Time
Consultations outside hours by arrangement
Partner with KGRN Chartered Accountants to establish your scope, register correctly, claim the reliefs you are entitled to, and file with evidence behind every figure. From a single return to a full annual compliance programme across multiple Emirates, we agree the scope and fee before any work begins.
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